Who should receive lead testing in pediatric patients?

Lead testing in pediatric patients is recommended primarily for high-risk individuals, particularly at around 12 months of age. This is because children under the age of six are most vulnerable to the harmful effects of lead exposure, which can result from factors such as living in older homes with lead paint, exposure to contaminated soil, or having family members who work with lead. Testing at 12 months is crucial, as it allows for early identification and intervention if lead exposure is indeed a concern, thereby preventing long-term health issues.

While lead testing could potentially be beneficial for any child, it is especially critical for those at higher risk. Testing all patients over 5 years old or only those exhibiting symptoms does not align with the best practices for preventive care, as it may overlook important early detection opportunities in younger, at-risk populations. Additionally, testing all patients at birth is not necessary nor standard practice since the risk factors for lead exposure typically develop with age, especially as children become more mobile and exploratory. Thus, focusing on high-risk patients at a specific developmental milestone balances the need for screening with efficient resource use.